Regenerative Thermal Oxidizers (RTO)

An installed regenerative thermal oxidizer unit

A regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) is an air pollution control device that destroys VOCs and hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in industrial exhaust air. By using regenerative heat recovery, it achieves high fuel efficiency, often operating with 95% heat recovery.

Maintaining an RTO

What is the role of turbulence in a thermal oxidizer?

VOCs (Volatile Organic Compounds) must combine with oxygen and heat to trigger the chemical reaction that breaks them down into CO2 and H2O. There are many successful thermal oxidizer designs that ensure sufficient turbulence, such as introducing the process air at an angle to induce spin or creating internal choke points. The better the mixing and heat distribution, the higher the VOC destruction.

Does the RTO main fan use a variable frequency drive (VFD)?

Yes, most RTO systems are equipped with a VFD on the main fan. VFDs are important for efficient operation, allowing for volume turn-down, improved energy savings, and idle-mode operation when full airflow isn’t needed.

Can we install catalyst in our RTO?

In most cases, yes. But proper evaluation is recommended to establish that no potential catalyst poisons or masking agents are present in your airstream.

When is an induced draft fan a better choice than a forced draft fan?

Induced draft fans are often preferred when handling particulates and solvents with high boiling points, as these solvents can condense and build up on forced draft fan wheels, causing maintenance issues and reduced efficiency.

Is the RTO optimized for my exhaust airstream?

Yes, RTOs can be designed to match your specific exhaust airstream characteristics. They are typically optimized for airstreams with solvent concentrations in the 0–10% Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) range. For higher concentrations up to 25% LEL, additional features such as hot gas bypass systems may be needed to ensure safe and efficient operation.

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